The Narrative Style of Aphra Behns Oroonoko Essay

Oroonoko is an intriguing and epic story of a young African prince who gets tricked into becoming a slave for a workers plantation written by the first professional woman author, Aphra Behn. As the story is told by the narrator (who the reader will presume to be the author Aphra Behn) the reader gets a sense of a first hand perspective from the narrator. This allows the reader to only get a perspective from the narrators point of view. As the story is told to the reader, the narrator seems to favour or share sympathy with Oroonoko and even in some cases, throw in a biased opinion. This is why the story of Oroonoko and his misfortunes should not be taken as a true account, but rather as a narrative biased opinionated tale. When we†¦show more content†¦As Behn describes him as of a shape the most exact that can be fancied the reader can truly have it engraved in his or her mind that the author is most definitely favouring the physical body of Oroonoko. As the reader can clearly seen the favouritism that Behn has with the physical part of Oroonoko, one can also capture from the writings of Behn that a strong sense of emotional favouring is had by the narrator with the Prince. A good example of that emotional favouritism is when Oroonoko and his fellow tribe mates are tricked into having a dazzling feast on board such an immense and wonderful ship by the Captain. When Behn describes the way that the Captain takes the many tribesmen and Prince Oroonoko into custody as slaves she uses harsh words that would seem almost to condemn the acts that the Captain had ordered. The same treachery was used to all the rest she says, describing the harsh and emotionless forces and that the Captain and his shipmates administer to betray the trust of their guests. Even though the author later states that some have commended this act, as brave in the captain; but I will spare my sense of it, and leave it to my reader to judge as he pleases, there are still a few feelings that show that Behn is secretly (to the untrained reader) feeling sympathy towards Oroonoko and utter disgust towardsShow MoreRelatedAphra Bens Oroonoko and Daniel Defoes Moll Flanders1562 Words   |  6 PagesIn his Dictionary of Literary Terms, Harry Shaw defines the novel: â€Å"In effective narrative literature, fictional persons, through characterization, become so credible that they exist for the reader as real people,† he says (1). Many eighteenth century British novelists neglected to earn this credibility. Looking specifically at Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko and Daniel Defoe’s Moll Flanders, Shaw’s definition becomes especially difficult to apply to Moll and Oroonoko’s narrator. While the novels shouldRead MoreEssay about Oroonoko, by Aphra Behn1336 Words   |  6 PagesAphra Behn’s novel, Oroonoko, gives a very different perspective on a slave narrative. Her characters embody various characteristics not usually given to those genders and races. Imoinda’s character represents both the modern feminist, as well as the subservient and mental characteristics of the typical eighteenth-century English woman. Oroonoko becomes an embodiment of what is normally a white man’s characteristic; he is the noble, princely, and sympathetic character that is not usually attributedRead Morecompare and contrast aphra Bhens Oroonoko the royal slave and candide, or optimism1618 Words   |  7 PagesWRITE AN ESSAY OF 1,500 WORDS IN WHICH YOU COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE TWO PASSAGES BELOW, TAKEN FROM BEHNS _OROONOKO_ OR THE ROYAL SLAVE AND VOLTAIRES _CANDIDE_, OR OPTIMISM. IN YOUR DISCUSSION PAY PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO THE WAYS IN WHICH THE CONTEXTS OF EUROPEAN COLONISATION AND EXPLORATION INFORM THE TWO PASSAGES. Aphra Bhen was a prolific female playwright and author during the restoration period of English history. Bhen herself stood by the power of the monarchy. Her book _Oroonoko_

Comparison Of Two Occupations, Social Work And Skills,...

Compare and Contrast Two Occupations Final Interview Paper Occupations require a myriad of skills, training, and requirements. The personality and talents of individuals can guide them into their choosing a profession. For example, someone who is an accountant may prefer little interaction with others and for information to be very precise in every situation. Compare that to a therapist whom interacts with people daily and no two situations are the same or precise. I am going to compare two professions, Social Work versus Information Technology, to explore the similarities and differences in these two occupations. Social Worker Social Work is defined as, â€Å"The professional activity of helping individuals, groups, or communities enhance or restore their capacity for social functional and creating societal conditions favorable to this goal. Social work practice consists of the professional application of social work values, principles, and techniques† (Coyle, 2014, p. 6). Social Workers can act as mediators, negotiators, educators, and advocators just to name a few of the roles they play. They follow a written Code of Ethics that guide their professional judgement and practice. Some job titles used for Social Workers are Mental Health Counselor, Child Advocate, Adoption Specialist, Human Rights Representative, Healthcare Social Worker, and School Social Worker. For this paper I spoke with a Mental Health Social Worker. This person does individual counselingShow MoreRelatedAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Feminised Labour1270 Words   |  6 Pagesare a merman part of the waged workforce, Despite their emcee contribution to the labour market, women work remains generally low paid and under valued (D. Fields, 2013). The feminisation of the workforce has allowed women to contribute to the labour market. Despite the stereotypes that have been applied to female workers; that they are only fit for jobs that require domestic skills and skills relating to the management of emotions. Feminised Labor will be explored with examples, and also the advantagesRead MoreWage Gap in America1572 Words   |  7 Pagessame status as men in the outer world. Stratification between the two genders is seen everywhere including the household or the workplace. Even today, women still earns less as compared to men involved in the same profession. Like a male physicia n makes $140,000, while a female in the same profession makes $88,000. Statisticians at the US census bureau looked at almost 821 occupations. After adjusting for workers’ ages, education and work experience, they found a substantial gender gap in the earningsRead MoreCareer Profile Research Sheet :2903 Words   |  12 PagesCareer Profile Research Sheet: 1. What kinds of education/training is required for this occupation? The basic requirement needed to become a travel agent is a high school diploma (or the equivalent of one). However, employers prefer candidates who have taken postsecondary courses in computer science, foreign languages, geography and world history. Many companies and agencies also look for employees that have received vocational training, which is useful due to the increased use of computers andRead MoreAccounting Is The Study Of Recording, Analyzing And Preparing Financial Documents For Record The Financial Standings Of A1487 Words   |  6 Pagesthey do? Accounting offers several careers paths and productive industries to work in, which helps to persuade many business students to pursue a career in the profession (J.Kelley, email interview, April 11, 2016). This flexibility allows someone who is pursuing an accounting degree to choose what kind of industry they would like to work in, such as hobbies or interests. Public accounting and business accounting are the two primary forms of accounting (Accounting Degrees Careers, par. 3). This choiceRead MorePhysical Therapy And Occupational Therapy1633 Words   |  7 Pagesfunctional activities in their daily lives. Occupational Therapists (OTs) work with other members of the health care team on the assessment and treatment of conditions that affect an individual’s ability to perform daily tasks ranging from self-care to high-level job related activities. The difference and similarities are quite interesting for them to be followed so closely by each other. The history, education a nd requirements are totally different from one another. Both of these careers can be performedRead MoreRequirements for a Career as Licensed Funeral Director Essay1058 Words   |  5 Pagesand you are notified that you have to go to work. After hastily getting ready, you find yourself walking down a hallway; you turn into an empty doorway and enter a dark, cold room that is filled with lifeless bodies waiting to be attended to. This may be an unfavorable situation to many, but to a funeral director, it is just another day at work. In order to become a funeral director, one must be genuinely interested, willing to fulfill the job requirements, be able to cope with death on a daily basisRead MoreHuman Resource Performance And Appraisal Process Essay3134 Words   |  13 Pagesrecruitment and selection process help to find out the skilled and qualified people for the job (Boxall, 2007). Human Resource (HR) manager of organization plays a great role to recruit and select the valuable h uman and appoint them in the work place. After the training and development, the performance of human resource of an organization is measured through performance and appraisal process. 1.1 Role and purpose of HRM in hospitality organization: Role of HRM: The hospitality field by and large incorporatesRead MoreAdministrative Service Manager : An Individual Who Is Responsible For A Private Or Government Organization2370 Words   |  10 Pages Interests/Skills Used While being responsible for the function of a particular organization, it is highly important that an individual have a few particular skills and interest that will help them be efficient in this role. Skills 1. Time Management is essential because one must manage their time and employees time while meeting deadlines. 2. Management of Personnel is crucial to work environment because one must possess the power to motivate, develop, and direct others as they work. Also, retainRead MoreA Formal Analysis of Potential Career Choices1842 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis Of Potential Career Choices Introduction A formal analysis of the characteristics and outlook for two possible career choices – Policeman vs. Lawyer – is a valuable tool in the decision-making process used by an employment candidate to make a successful selection between them. New entrants into the job market face a very competitive environment and training (or re-training) for jobs is frequently expensive and time consuming. Therefore there is a definite need to make one’s career decisionsRead MoreDoes Better Living And Citizenship Drive Immigrants Help Obtain More Qualifications Than Local Citizens?1617 Words   |  7 Pages(Lindley 2009). A focus on an aggregated scale of all races will supplement the literature where I intend to test whether immigrants are likely to be more over-qualified than UK born citizens and then compare the effect on earnings for each of the two observation groups. Furthermore, having obtained a result on over-qualification, I will proceed to conduct a second test, examining what effects this has on naturalisation defined by (Binder 2015) as â€Å"the acquisition of British citizenship by someone

America”s Affirmative Actions on Minorities Free Essays

In years past, Americas of every race, color, and nationality have been pushing for equal rights and equal representation in everything from politics, to professional sports coaches, to jobs, and colleges. In American colleges there is a little thing called affirmative action. This means that colleges give greater higher educational acceptances to minorities than they do the average Joe. We will write a custom essay sample on America†s Affirmative Actions on Minorities or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, one college accepts people if they score above 140 points on their point scale. However, minority groups receive 20 free points just for being themselves! Now is this fair? In a country that is trying to abolish racism, this little thing called affirmative action is fueling it. On college campuses around the nation, the admissions office is not doing their job. They are not granting admissions to the most qualified or the most talented candidates, instead they want to make their education center culturally diverse. To do so, these education centers are granting â€Å"gifts† or giving â€Å"tokens† to these minority groups so is doesn†t look like the average Joe is all the college is made up of. Isn†t this racism at its finest? Statistically, white students have a better chance of getting into college because of their cultural background and emphasis their ancestors put on education. The same thing is happening in work forces across America. Employers have hired the less qualified minority to make a certain quota or to have their company look more diverse. However, a new law in California government prohibits this from happening. Their new law requires the most qualified person to have the job, regardless of race, color, and nationality. More employers and college admission offices throughout the country should abolish affirmative action. It is destroying higher education institutions, and workforces. This same affirmative action is tearing apart the greatest nation on earth, which was built on the words. â€Å"All men are created equal†, and obviously with affirmative action in place, all men are not created equal. How to cite America†s Affirmative Actions on Minorities, Papers

Does Liquidity Really Matter free essay sample

An examination of the importance of liquid capital for businesses in the current economic climate. This paper is about the importance of liquidity. The writer shows how all organizations need to be liquid because the need for cash can arise at any time. Banks are especially vulnerable to liquidity crises, as happened in the Asian crisis. The concept of asset management is examined as a way to meet liquidity needs. Yes, liquidity is very important, to say the least. And what exactly is liquidity since it is important to know about? Liquidity is the indication of the organizations ability to meet its current and maturing obligations as they come due; it is the near term cash perspective of the business; and it is cash fuel supply management. The implications of liquidity are that typically lenders will default or shut off credit first to operations with: marginal or negative liquidity, (particularly when coupled with) high debt to asset amounts. We will write a custom essay sample on Does Liquidity Really Matter? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Liquidity has one essential rule: be liquid with appropriate working capital. Liquidity is a vital financial concept, as during good times, more expansion/growth opportunities exist due to it; during bad times, still more expansion/growth opportunities exist; liquidity provides revenue opportunities as commodities can be held through low prices; liquidity often reduces costs with lower interest rates; liquidity reduces stress; and during difficult times, sufficient cash stays in business (Birch, 2000).

Andrew Sexton Essays (2324 words) - , Term Papers

Andrew Sexton English 101-01 Dr. Reid Hazing: The Nationwide Problem Imagine someone joining an organization with the hope of feeling wanted and sense of being cared for. However, when that person joins the organization, they are welcomed by torture, embarrassment, and loss of self-confidence. These actions and feelings are not uncommon, as they actually occur very often throughout the United States. This phenomenon is known as hazing. Hazing is any action taken or any situation created intentionally that causes embarrassment, harassment or ridicule and risks emotional and/or physical harm to members of a group or team, whether new or not, regardless of the person's willingness to participate (Hazing Prevention). Hazing in the United States traditionally has been known for having negative effects on people. These effects range from mental health issues and injuries to some cases as bad as death. These negative issues caused by hazing are seen throughout the United States, especially in the military, college and even athletics as well. Hazing has been one of the longest standing traditions in the military. When new members of a platoon or unit join, they are welcomed by cruel forms of torture and embarrassment, just to prove if they really want to be involved in their group. Unfortunately, there are a lot of negative forms of hazing in the military. When a solider makes a mistake, or a series of mistakes that negatively affects his platoon or infantry, there will often be actions taking place that are called corrective actions. Corrective action or corrective training is the use of techniques by leaders in the military to help soldiers' knowledge and skill within certain tasks. Corrective action itself is not an act of hazing, however it can be taken to extremes where it can be considered an act of hazing. Although it sounds like a good concept when written down, there are certain cases where these techniques are used in terrible ways. One main example is a soldier named Danny Chen. Chen was a nineteen-year-old pri vate who was on duty in Kandahar, Afghanistan. He was seen as a "weak soldier, someone who fell asleep on guard duty, who forgot his helmet" (Chu). As a result of the negative affect he had on the infantry, he was put in the corrective training where they had Chen do certain tasks throughout the post. One time, Chen forgot to turn off the water pump in the showers, and as a result, "he was dragged across a gravel yard on his back until it bled." And fellow members of the infantry "threw rocks at him to simulate artillery. They called him dragon lady,' gook' and chink'" (Chu). The trauma enforced on Chen led him to take his rifle to his chin and pull the trigger of his rifle, where it instantly killed him. These actions on Chen do not wholly represent the process of corrective action, nor do they provide an accurate description of the purpose of corrective action, however it does show that there is an extent that can be reached which can then be classified as hazing. There are other examples of hazing or hazing rituals in the military such as times when soldiers are beat without resistance, sexually assaulted, and even strapped to chairs where soldiers are forced to drink alcohol and take beatings from their fellow soldiers. Even though the actions and the case of Chen is terrible, there are still some members of the military that see hazing as a positive. The majority of cases in the military regarding hazing are extremely negative, but there are still a few cases of hazing that use activities as fun and good-natured actions to welcome new members into a family. According to Peter Sessum, a former soldier, "Hazing in many forms is a way of welcoming soldiers into the unit. On paper, hazing seems abusive and mean spirited, but it is in fact good natured and fun. Hazing is not abusiveWhen it becomes abuse, it is bullying. And there is a distinct difference." There are many traditions in the Military when it comes to promotion and welcoming into the platoon. The main tradition is when a soldier is promoted, the captain of the crew hits the

Free Essays on Goals Of The Peamble

Goals of the Preamble Essay There are five goals stated in the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution. I really don’t think overall the goals have been met to my approval. The first one is to Establish Justice. That means to me to have great law enforcement and to punish criminals. I give that a six in rating. There is a racial bias in the court system. Their was this documentary called On A Sunday Morning. It was about this black 15-year-old boy (Brendan) on trial for murdering an old white lady. The witness was the husband. The husband identified Brendan as the killer. The boy had too much stuff up against him to prove he was not guilty, but the husband just was so sure Brendan was the killer. On that day justice was done. They found the boy not guilty and the boy sued the police for beating him also. The police handled that poorly, just because he was black and around the area after the fact it happened doesn’t mean they had the right to treat him that way. I feel as though if he were white it wouldn’t have been that way. The second one is to Insure Domestic Tr anquility. To me that mean to have peace at home and within our country, I give that a rating of three. The September 11th attacks made me feel so not safe. If people can hijack planes with box-cutters than who knows what else they could do. What also makes me feel not so safe is the sniper. He could be anywhere, you could be anywhere, and then you are gone just like that. The third one is to Provide for the Common Defense. To me this means to have an good army, I give that a rating of nine. I personally think that’s all we are doing right. I really don’t know too much about our army and navy, but I’m alive doing okay so I figure they are doing a good job. The fourth one is to Promote the General Welfare. To me this means to help for the â€Å"good† of everyone. I give this a rating of five. I mean they do help low income families a good bit, but they also don’t he... Free Essays on Goals Of The Peamble Free Essays on Goals Of The Peamble Goals of the Preamble Essay There are five goals stated in the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution. I really don’t think overall the goals have been met to my approval. The first one is to Establish Justice. That means to me to have great law enforcement and to punish criminals. I give that a six in rating. There is a racial bias in the court system. Their was this documentary called On A Sunday Morning. It was about this black 15-year-old boy (Brendan) on trial for murdering an old white lady. The witness was the husband. The husband identified Brendan as the killer. The boy had too much stuff up against him to prove he was not guilty, but the husband just was so sure Brendan was the killer. On that day justice was done. They found the boy not guilty and the boy sued the police for beating him also. The police handled that poorly, just because he was black and around the area after the fact it happened doesn’t mean they had the right to treat him that way. I feel as though if he were white it wouldn’t have been that way. The second one is to Insure Domestic Tr anquility. To me that mean to have peace at home and within our country, I give that a rating of three. The September 11th attacks made me feel so not safe. If people can hijack planes with box-cutters than who knows what else they could do. What also makes me feel not so safe is the sniper. He could be anywhere, you could be anywhere, and then you are gone just like that. The third one is to Provide for the Common Defense. To me this means to have an good army, I give that a rating of nine. I personally think that’s all we are doing right. I really don’t know too much about our army and navy, but I’m alive doing okay so I figure they are doing a good job. The fourth one is to Promote the General Welfare. To me this means to help for the â€Å"good† of everyone. I give this a rating of five. I mean they do help low income families a good bit, but they also don’t he...

Kitchen Made Pies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Kitchen Made Pies - Case Study Example Mission The mission of Kitchen Made Pies is to produce and market high-quality fresh and frozen pies to institutional customers and restaurants. The original mission had made it clear that it was in the relatively unexploited sector that Kitchen Made Pies saw its clear ¬est opportunity for innovation. Kitchen Made Pies set out to create a range of high-quality products that were distinctive in type, and especially appealing to people who had acquired a taste for pies. A wholesome, appetizing and, at same time, slightly exotic taste experience is what Kitchen Made Pies wanted to offer. Goals The main goal of the company is to get and keep a customer. Also, Kitchen Made Pies is aimed to achieve competitive advantage and sustainable competitive creating value for their customers, select markets where they can excel and present a moving target to their competitors by continually improving their position. Three of the most important factors are innovation, quality and inventory reduction. In order to improve logistics, the company is aimed to concentrate on doing business with drop-shippers which allow to involve larger orders. A continuum of resource sustainability is to compose resources and capabilities characterized by their durability and imitability. Financial goal is to increase sales and liquidity of business. Marketing policies Be in one of the most highly rated industries for stability and success, Kitchen Made Pies offers a high quality pies to everyone who wants an excellent taste. It is advantage is that Kitchen Made Pies can meet the requirement of wide audience marketing fresh and frozen pies. The high quality ingredients is the main criterion for Kitchen Made Pies. It does not want to reduce costs of production as it can worsen quality of their products. Recent years, sales of the company has failed. According the present day situation: "the current product mix, sales of approximately $35,000 per week which is $1,829,000 per year". PR personnel also p lay a key

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Leadership - Essay Example The problems between Shahid and Harpreet have escalated and it is hurting morale within the team. The inefficiency of the team is causing loss of productivity. The project is at risk of not being completed on time. This report will analyze the problems the team faces and it will give alternative solutions to resolve the situation. The first step toward resolving the situation is improving the communication between the teammates. Opening the lines of communication within the team can help the team accomplish its tasks and deliverables. The team leader will schedule three weekly team meetings with the members to discuss progress made on the project and to force the members to communicate with each other in a professionally setting. Due to the importance of teamwork the others members of the group are going to confront Shahid and Harpreet about the conflict. They have to make it clear to them that their behavior and fighting is hurting the team. Everyone in a team gets hurt by team conf lict. The team members have to recognize the problem they are causing and they must remedy their behavior for the good of the team. Our team has a lot of diversity within its composition. Diversity must be used to the advantage of the team. Currently the team is not taking advantage of the virtues of diversity. One of the benefits of diversity is creativity within the group. For creativity to manifest itself the team members must unite to seek synergy. Synergy occurs when the whole is greater than the sum of its parts (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn, 2003). As the team leader I must intervene to stop the conflict between Shahid and Harpreet. The use of conflict resolution techniques can help me accomplish that goal. Five conflict resolution techniques are accommodation, collaboration, compromise, avoidance, and authoritative command. Out of these five options the technique that I chose to help resolve the problem is compromise. The team leader and the two team members with issues will s it down to talk about the problem. I will reiterate to both members their importance for the team. The team members must also know that the project is facing time constraints. All team members must give their best efforts to accomplish their tasks on time and in accordance with the expectations of the project. My role in the compromise process is to be a neutral agent that monitors the negotiation between both parties. The first issue that must be resolve immediately is the racial tension between Shahid and Harpreet. Both team members are going to be sent to a three week sensitivity training with a psychologist. The behavior of those employees was unacceptable and if it continues in the future it will be grounds for dismissal. Mutual respect must be achieved between all members of the team. â€Å"Treating all others in an organization with respect, regardless of rank, will improve communication relationships in the workplace† (Lane, 2013). To increase the efficiency and accou ntability in the team I will take a more active role to provide the team with leadership and support. Each day each team member must submit a short progress report in order document their advancement in completing the assigned tasks. During each morning I will have short meetings with some of the members of the teams based on the needs for support identified in the previous day’s progress reports. At the end of each week I will provide a

ECommerce Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

ECommerce - Coursework Example Here I will research about the biometrics that could be used both in hotels for room access and for online booking for Globetrotting Hotels. The main reason behind this research based analyses is provide better management system for the Globetrotting Hotels. This analysis will provide us a deep insight into the Globetrotting Hotels new technology implementation for the enhanced security, booking, payment and customer management. As technology evolves it brings lot of facilities regarding the better communication and management of the business. This evolution in technology has also influenced the enhanced handling in the different organizational course of action. Like that, at the present, we have automated ways for the sales, customer management, transaction handling and marketing. The advance practice of the business also requires the better security in all these areas. This report is about the implementation if the new technology at Globetrotting Hotels and its customer managing system. This new technology will renovate the customary practice regarding the handling of the overall security and payments. Here we have also decided to implement the biometrics system that will be used in hotels for room access and for online booking for Globetrotting Hotels. The idea of the Harry Smith who wants to build up a hotel chain that is tightly associated in the structure of independent hotels around the world to proffer a only one of its kind resource to the on the rise market for the global traveler that is looking for something different to the standard package holidays. The new hotel chain established by the Globetrotting Hotels is aimed to provide better living, travelling and touring facilities at many levels. This new hotel chain will be an independent and a unique mix of the local independent hotels. The management of this hotel chain is aimed

Homelessness and Affordable Housing in Texas

Homelessness and Affordable Housing in Texas Ethics: Texas Homeless Network Samantha Maggiani Ethics are a critical component in any profession. This is particularly true for professions rooted in health or other human services. Professional ethics are at the core of the Social Work profession and are utilized when focused attention is needed on ethical issues that arise in practice. Ethical codes provide insight on ethical norms, provide guidance for ethically informed decisions, and contribute to the strengthening of professional identity (Warren, 2014). The literature and research on professional ethics has considerably expanded in recent years and many professional training programs address ethical issues. This awareness of ethical issues is necessary in a field like social work because of the complex ethical dimensions of practice. Social Workers often serve disenfranchised or vulnerable populations taking on a variety of roles and responsibilities. The profession focuses on the client and encourages taking a person-centered, humanistic approach to services. This approac h lends itself to ethical dilemmas as practioners are involved in very personal, sometimes life changing events with their clients. Because of this, it is important that professional ethics remain at the core of the work of social workers and other human service workers. Ethics are of extreme importance to Texas Homeless Network (THN) and are a value identified in their Guiding Principles to Service. THN works to provide exemplary standards of ethical behavior and believes it is imperative to achieving its mission (THN.org, 2015). THN does not provide direct services to clients. Rather, THN works with service providers and individuals working to end homelessness in Texas. Although they do not assist clients directly, staff at THN still encounters ethical dilemmas in practice. For example, a current ethical dilemma identified in practice is related to Source of Income Protections advocacy work. In April 2014, the city of Austin amended its housing discrimination ordinance to add â€Å"lawful sources of income† as a protected class. The ordinance classifies lawful sources of income as non-employment income such as social security benefits, child support, and tenant-based rental assistance otherwise known as housing vouchers. This amendment was approved unanimously by city council and was intended to increase housing opportunities for low income families, working poor, disabled, veterans, and the elderly. Austin City Council adopted this amendment in response to the large amount of fair housing complaints and increasing economic segregation the city was experiencing. Another piece of evidence supporting the ordinance was a 2014 Austin Tenant’s Council survey that found 91 percent of private landlords across five area counties who own units within a voucher price range refused to accept Section 8 vouchers (Austin Tenants Council, 2014). This refusal to accept vouchers concentrates voucher holders in areas of high crime, high poverty, and low performing schools, thus exacerbating the problems around economic segregation and economic mobility. Immediately after the ordinance was passed, the Austin Apartment Association (AAA) filed a lawsuit claiming the ordinance â€Å"contravenes both state and federal law† demanding it be declared invalid and unenforceable. Their argument is that private property owners have the right to use it as he/she sees fit as long as overt discrimination is not involved. The AAA says that their members are not refusing to rent to Black or Hispanic applicants because of their race and therefore no discriminatio n is taking place. On February 27, 2015 Federal District Judge Sam Sparks rejected the AAA’s request for an injunction that would have blocked the implementation of the ordinance. The court ruled that the AAA failed in its â€Å"burden of demonstrating a substantial likelihood of success on the merits† of the case noting that although some burden is placed on the landlord the ordinance was advancing â€Å"an obvious legitimate government interests of ensuring low-income, minority populations have access to affordable housing.†(Sparks, 2015) The judge also ruled that â€Å"the AAA was violating the liberty to contract or not to contract†¦except as restricted by antitrust, antidiscrimination, and other statues.†(Sparks, 2015) Judge Spark’s ruling allowed the City of Austin to continue working on implementation of the fair housing ordinance but now Texas’ lawmakers are getting involved. Legislators from around the state have introduced legislation that would reverse Austin’s Source of Income protections, as well as legislation that would not allow local municipalities to enact or implement similar ordinances that are more restrictive than state law. This attempt to turn the legislature into an appellate court is in response to Austin’s fair housing ordinance and other local more controversial ordinances, such as identifying LGBTQ as a protected class for housing. The proposed legislation would restrict local governments from enacting locally driven solutions for issues such as fair and affordable housing. The topic of housing discrimination of voucher holders has many ethical concerns. On one side is the AAA and its members who claim that the American system of laws and ethics allow them to rent to whomever they choose as long as they provide safe housing for all residents. On a different side of the ethical debate is the National Association of Social Workers that posits six ethical standards that are relevant to the professional activities of all social workers, some of which are directly related to this issue. For example, an ethical dilemma that THN has identified related to housing discrimination is (1) the responsibility to our clients to promote their well-being and (2) to respect and promote their right to self-determination (NASW, 2008). For this example, a caseworker is helping his/her client obtain and secure permanent housing with the use of a housing voucher. Ideally, the client would be given the opportunity to choose where he/she wanted to live and the case worker shoul d respect that client’s right to self-determination and autonomy and diligently help the client obtain their housing of choice. If the property owner does not accept vouchers, it is then the caseworker’s responsibility to serve as a liaison between the client and property management to educate property management and build a relationship for the client. This is where the ethical dilemma arises. As the social worker in this situation, does the client’s right to autonomy and self-determination trump the landlord’s right to the same? Do we restrict those rights to our clients and no one else? What if the landlord feels disenfranchised by the ordinance from the city taking away his property rights to choose who he wants to serve? These are all questions related to ethics that social workers must pay very close attention to in a situation like the one described. The factors impacting this dilemma on a micro level relate to the client and the landlords. If a client does not get the choice to live outside of high poverty, low opportunity areas, then the likelihood of his/her progressing toward self-sufficiency and success could decrease. For the property owners, they argue that their freedom to run their business as they see fit is unnecessarily, and illegally, compromised. On a macro level, not addressing the issue and accepting apartment owner’s ability to have a â€Å"no Section 8† policy would only intensify the already dire economic segregation and goes against the social work value to challenge social injustice. Based on analysis of the consequences of not implementing an ordinance like the one in Austin, as well as the actions and other alternative options that City Council looked at prior to enacting the ordinance, the ethically responsible response is to support the ordinance and combat social injustice. This argument is strengthened by the decision of Judge Sparks. Part of his reasoning is that the real world damage or â€Å"burden† to the AAA members of abiding by the ordinance is small given the fact that the voucher holders are still paying the rents charged by the property owners. They are not suffering an economic loss at all. So the bigger loss to society would be with the AAA’s reaction to the attempt by the City of Austin to address the realities of discrimination against voucher holders since it would further discrimination and maintain the racially segregated status quo that has existed in Austin for far too long. Other cities and some whole states have enacted ordinances similar to Austin’s with many already found constitutional in respective higher courts. Possible consequences to Austin’s plan to address housing discrimination is the effect on the relationship between AAA and local housing service providers. The service community has expressed concerns with such a public fight against the group since they often work together in partnership to house people within their programs. The AAA has identified reversing Source of Income ordinance as a priority this legislative session and there have been many heated conversations during public hearings and sessions on the chamber floor. This high-profile battle could have consequences on housing placement options for providers in the near future. But source of income protections are not enough to solve economic segregation. Texas cities are facing an unprecedented lack of affordable housing. Low wages and the underfunded, often inaccessible mainstream programs such as SNAP or TANF also contribute to the issues surrounding housing affordability for a large percentage of citizens. An effort to create a local minimum wage of fifteen dollars per hour would be needed also. To prevent similar ethical dilemmas from occurring it takes concerted, strategic efforts from all stakeholders involved. Public Housing Authorities and other city entities need to work harder to outreach to property management and apartment associations to educate them on their programs. Housing providers and human service agencies must work with their clients to advocate and share experiences with lawmakers. And agencies like THN that work with both, need to make more efforts to bridge the gap between providers and consumers. The current efforts by THN during t he 84th Legislature are exemplary of this effort to combat housing discrimination and prevent homelessness for vulnerable Texans. References Austin Apartment Association vs City of Austin. U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas Austin Division. 27 Feb. 2015. Print. Austin Tenants Council. (2014). Voucher Holders Need Not Apply: ATC 2014 Study Housing Discrimination National Association of Social Workers. (2008). Code of ethics of the National Association of Social Workers. Washington, DC. NASW Press. Resources. Texas Homeless Network, Helping Communities End Homelessness. n.d. Web. 06 Apr. 2015 Warren. (2014, January 1). Ethics in Social Work: An Ethical Code for Social Work Professionals. Retrieved from http://cdn.ifsw.org/assets/Socialt_arbete_etik_08_Engelsk_LR.pdf

Elizabeth as a Typical Victorian Woman in Frankenstein Essay -- Franke

Elizabeth as a Typical Victorian Woman in Frankenstein    Elizabeth is an important character in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. She is also the most important person in Victor’s life for many reasons. Not only is she beautiful beyond belief, she is also submissive and meek. Elizabeth knows her role in the household and she fulfills her duties without hesitation or complaint. Always concerned for Victor, she is willing to do anything to ensure his happiness. Elizabeth is Victor’s prized possession, that which he must value and protect above all other things. She is his faithful love. Elizabeth’s many qualities classify her as a typical woman of nineteenth-century Victorian England. Subservience is one of the main characteristics of Victorian English women. They were "taught to be submissive and manipulative" (Kanner 305). Qualities of "selflessness, patience, and outward obedience" were also "required" in women (Prior 96). In contrast to men's "masculine energy," women were thought to possess "feminine passivity" that made them incapable of actively venturing into the world with curiosity (Kanner 208). Such false belief on the men's part, not women's "feminine passivity," is what hindered the women from venturing into the world and confined them to the home. Such confinement is evident in the following woman's diary: All this time my Lord was in London where he had all and infinite great resort coming to him. He went much abroad to Cocking, to Bowling Alleys, to Plays and Horse Races. . . I stayed in the country having many times a sorrowful and heavy heart . . . so as I may truly say, I am an owl in the desert. (Prior 200) Similarly, in Frankenstein, while the young Victor Frankenstein and his friend Henry Clerv... ... Victor as his own. Elizabeth is subservient, sentimental, nurturing, sacrificial, and beautiful. She possesses all the typical feminine characteristics. Hence, through the images of Elizabeth, Mary Shelley clearly and accurately depicts attitudes toward Victorian women of nineteenth-century England. Elizabeth lives, and dies, the role both Shelley and society had written for her and her real-life sisters. Works Cited Kanner, Barbara, ed. The Women of England: From Anglo-Saxon Times to the Present. Hamden: Archon Books, 1979. Prior, Mary, ed. Women in English Society, 1500-1900. New York: Methuen, 1985. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. Ed. Johanna M. Smith. Boston: Bedford Books, 1992. Wollstonecraft, Mary. A Vindication of the Rights of Women: An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds, Criticism. Ed. Carol H. Poston. New York: W.W. Norton, 1975.    Elizabeth as a Typical Victorian Woman in Frankenstein Essay -- Franke Elizabeth as a Typical Victorian Woman in Frankenstein    Elizabeth is an important character in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. She is also the most important person in Victor’s life for many reasons. Not only is she beautiful beyond belief, she is also submissive and meek. Elizabeth knows her role in the household and she fulfills her duties without hesitation or complaint. Always concerned for Victor, she is willing to do anything to ensure his happiness. Elizabeth is Victor’s prized possession, that which he must value and protect above all other things. She is his faithful love. Elizabeth’s many qualities classify her as a typical woman of nineteenth-century Victorian England. Subservience is one of the main characteristics of Victorian English women. They were "taught to be submissive and manipulative" (Kanner 305). Qualities of "selflessness, patience, and outward obedience" were also "required" in women (Prior 96). In contrast to men's "masculine energy," women were thought to possess "feminine passivity" that made them incapable of actively venturing into the world with curiosity (Kanner 208). Such false belief on the men's part, not women's "feminine passivity," is what hindered the women from venturing into the world and confined them to the home. Such confinement is evident in the following woman's diary: All this time my Lord was in London where he had all and infinite great resort coming to him. He went much abroad to Cocking, to Bowling Alleys, to Plays and Horse Races. . . I stayed in the country having many times a sorrowful and heavy heart . . . so as I may truly say, I am an owl in the desert. (Prior 200) Similarly, in Frankenstein, while the young Victor Frankenstein and his friend Henry Clerv... ... Victor as his own. Elizabeth is subservient, sentimental, nurturing, sacrificial, and beautiful. She possesses all the typical feminine characteristics. Hence, through the images of Elizabeth, Mary Shelley clearly and accurately depicts attitudes toward Victorian women of nineteenth-century England. Elizabeth lives, and dies, the role both Shelley and society had written for her and her real-life sisters. Works Cited Kanner, Barbara, ed. The Women of England: From Anglo-Saxon Times to the Present. Hamden: Archon Books, 1979. Prior, Mary, ed. Women in English Society, 1500-1900. New York: Methuen, 1985. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. Ed. Johanna M. Smith. Boston: Bedford Books, 1992. Wollstonecraft, Mary. A Vindication of the Rights of Women: An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds, Criticism. Ed. Carol H. Poston. New York: W.W. Norton, 1975.